Why is Bismarck usually credited with sinking Hood when the fatal shell cannot be identified with certainty?
Short answerThe attribution rests on the balance of probabilities created by salvo timing, firing angles, and which German ship was most likely to hit the fatal location.
NotesThe discussion frames the conclusion as a balance-of-probabilities judgment rather than a recovered-shell certainty. Historians compare when Hood was struck with the timing of Bismarck's salvos and the geometry of the engagement. Those factors make Bismarck the more likely source of the fatal hit even though the evidence cannot identify the precise shell beyond doubt.