Baltic geography and torpedo strike

Baltic geography explains Swedish torpedo-aircraft procurement. The Baltic could freeze, had shallow areas, and served as Sweden's maritime buffer before an attacker reached Swedish shores. Torpedo aircraft therefore had to solve a different problem from Atlantic fleet aviation, including attack in confined or shallow water. British aircraft such as the Swordfish, Shark, or Seal might have offered useful floatplane flexibility, but Sweden did not know how Britain was developing harbor-attack doctrine. Choosing German and Italian machines diversified suppliers and reduced dependence on any one prospective alliance. Sweden's size did not remove every vulnerability because Stockholm and Gothenburg were major population centers, and Gothenburg lay close to Denmark. Procurement policy therefore supported both strategic depth and freedom of action.