Q&A · 32:39-35:37

Why the Anglo-Japanese Alliance would not cause an Anglo-American war

Britain and the United States had little reason to fight in the 1920s and 1930s, while Britain was already moving away from its Japanese alliance.

Question

Could the Anglo-Japanese Alliance have led to war between Britain and the United States in the 1920s?

Short answer

No; the two powers lacked a convincing motive for war, and Britain was already looking for a politically acceptable way to distance itself from Japan.

Notes

Neither Britain nor the United States had a persuasive reason to seek war against the other. Trade and Canada’s self-governing status further weaken a conquest rationale. A plausible war would require a profound political transformation, such as an aggressively ideological government, rather than a routine diplomatic disagreement. Britain was already uneasy about Japan and could have allowed the Anglo-Japanese Alliance to lapse through the League of Nations or another diplomatic device.