An Anglo-German technology race without a fleet race

Could Britain and Germany have reached a defensive understanding if Germany pursued technology rather than a numerical naval race?

Potentially. A limited Baltic-oriented technology race would be much less threatening and could support cooperation against Russia, though geography would still complicate an alliance.

A qualitative design competition differs from Tirpitz-style fleet building. One- or two-ship German classes aimed at Baltic needs would pose a smaller direct challenge to British security. Germany's proximity would still make a formal alliance uncertain. A shared interest in containing Russia and its fleet is more plausible than a partnership aimed at dominating the North Sea.