American persistence undermines the decisive-battle premise

The Japanese concept assumed that a decisive naval defeat could bring the United States to negotiations. The counterargument characterises American warfare as persistent: a lost fleet would be rebuilt and sent back with greater industrial weight. That response is linked to the determination seen in the American Civil War and American Revolutionary War, as well as to Britain's comparable willingness to continue after reverses. The industrial base, population, and political culture therefore mattered as much as the outcome of the first fleet battle. This makes the hoped-for political payoff of a single decisive battle much less credible even if the operational ambush succeeds.