Would Allied entry against Japan replace Chiang Kai-shek or cause the Communists to lose the Chinese Civil War?
Short answerThe outcome is uncertain, but Chiang might remain because he is a known Allied partner, and far greater aid through Hong Kong could leave the Republic of China stronger than it was historically after 1945.
NotesNeither Chinese faction's victory is automatic. Chiang Kai-shek could perform better if a restored Hong Kong delivered large quantities of supplies to the Republic of China and reduced the burden of fighting Japan alone. Allied leaders would also hesitate to replace a familiar partner unless another figure could hold the state together more effectively. The counterfactual changes the civil war by improving Nationalist resources and institutional survival without guaranteeing a particular political result.