Were ships of the line ever used as pirate ships during the age of sail?
Short answerNo practical example is offered; they were too expensive to operate and would draw overwhelming attention from national navies.
NotesA ship of the line was far too expensive for ordinary pirate operations. Possessing one would also attract attention by turning the pirates into a conspicuous challenge to national navies. Smaller vessels avoided much of that expense and exposure. The discussion adds an etymological aside linking the word buccaneer with the same root as barbecue.