Why did the Royal Navy build only twelve R-class diesel-electric hunter-killer submarines?
Short answerThe war was ending, so there was no need for more; the navy could study wartime lessons and design a better next generation instead.
NotesThe R class was built for an immediate First World War requirement, and the Armistice removed the opponent and mission that justified more boats. One alternative was to digest wartime engineering and operational experience before producing a successor generation. The later U class is suggested as a closer spiritual continuation than the S class.