Why did Australia cancel the French conventional-submarine programme, and would the replacement be British or American?
Short answerThe French programme was badly delayed, and a British-American hybrid drawing on each partner's preferred technology was expected.
NotesThe French reaction to Australia's cancellation is understandable, but the Attack-class programme was badly stalled. Six years into a planned ten-year effort, no steel had been cut and the promised Australian workforce had barely materialized beyond public-relations activity. Australia therefore reached the point of cutting its losses. The replacement was expected to combine British and American contributions because Britain was more willing to share hull design while the United States was more willing to supply systems. The answer frames AUKUS as the result of both geographic need and procurement failure.