The weather gauge at the battle opening

Reggio approached in loose order after mistaking the vessels ahead for a Spanish convoy that he might escort. His stated escort intention may have been a convenient later explanation for approaching in loose formation. Knowles recognized the opportunity, signalled his own Jamaica Squadron into line ahead, and manoeuvred for the weather gauge. Once Reggio identified the British force, his attempt to turn leeward and form his own line had the opposite tactical effect and surrendered the advantageous position. Identification, wind, formation, and the interpretation of commanders' later accounts all shape an understanding of the battle's opening.