What if Josephus Daniels allowed the US Navy to arm its Standard-type battleships with 16-inch guns after 1913?
Short answerIt would accelerate the international caliber race, likely producing British 16-inch ships sooner and making 18-inch treaty designs far more plausible.
NotesThe American caliber decision would become an international signal rather than a change confined to one navy. If ships after Nevada carried 16-inch guns, the Royal Navy would likely answer with at least 16-inch weapons and perhaps move toward 18-inch designs. Hood, the G3 battlecruisers, and the N3 battleships could consequently emerge with much heavier armament. At the Denmark Strait, an 18-inch-armed Hood would pose a qualitatively different threat to Bismarck, illustrating how an early design choice could cascade across several fleets and treaties.