The British Army's professional core is traced to the New Model Army associated with Fairfax and Cromwell. The navy, by contrast, is treated as already substantially professionalized before the civil wars. The distinction matters because a single national crisis can leave different institutional legacies in each service. Wars of the Three Kingdoms is preferred to English Civil War because the fighting and politics involved England, Scotland, and Ireland. The contrast explains why the services developed differently and why the conflict's name shapes its interpretation.
Notable Point · 32:50-34:48
The civil wars changed Britain's army and navy differently
The New Model Army helped establish a standing professional army, while the navy had already moved much further toward professional organization before the conflict.