Submarines became anti-submarine hunters in both world wars

Can submarines conduct anti-submarine warfare in the Atlantic?

Yes; submarine-on-submarine combat has precedents in both world wars and became more common during the Second World War.

Submarines have long contributed to hunting other submarines. A Royal Navy E-class boat is recalled, with an explicit memory caveat, as making a submarine-on-submarine kill during the First World War. Such encounters became more common in the Second World War. Modern submarine ASW therefore belongs to a longer history rather than being a Cold War invention.