How submarine bases differ from surface-fleet bases

Do submarine bases and surface-fleet bases need the same things?

Not entirely: submarines need deep water, safe alongside diving and recovery facilities, and traffic arrangements that reduce collisions with surface ships.

Surface fleets generally need larger ports but can often tolerate shallower water. A submarine base benefits from enough depth to submerge for protection against air attack and to conduct alongside dive tests. A dockside crane provides a recovery option when a boat conducting those tests cannot surface. Submarines also seek to approach or leave submerged for operational security. Separating submarine and surface traffic in confined waters reduces collision risk.