How badly did the 1918 influenza pandemic affect the Grand Fleet and High Seas Fleet?
Short answerBoth were affected, but the High Seas Fleet was more exposed; the Grand Fleet's remote Scapa Flow base reduced, not eliminated, the impact.
NotesThe High Seas Fleet's personnel shortages were affected by the 1918 influenza pandemic and may have contributed to sailors' unrest. Illness did not create the mutiny by itself, but it reduced effective manpower inside a force already under severe strain. The Grand Fleet was also hit, though its position at Scapa Flow put it farther from major population centers. Remoteness and colder conditions are presented as mitigating factors rather than complete protection.