Three-dimensional tactics in space battles

Star Trek battles provide the example: fleets often form a wall on one axis even though ships can maneuver above, below, or around it. A commander in open space could mask part of a force, approach from several planes, or turn a flat formation's geometry against it. Advanced sensing and holographic technology also give fictional commanders reasons to consider spoofing and false target locations. These possibilities test whether a depicted space battle makes serious use of its environment and available electronic warfare.