How large would a German warship need to be to carry four twin Schwerer Gustav gun mountings?
Short answerAt minimum it would need to exceed Yamato's dimensions by roughly a quarter, with enough beam, draft, and buoyancy to absorb broadside recoil without unacceptable stability problems.
NotesThe rough minimum estimate is a Yamato enlarged by about 25 percent in every dimension, with an even larger ship considered likely. Beam matters when the guns fire across the ship, while draft and buoyancy matter when firing at high elevation. The hull must cope with a salvo as well as carry the guns. The assessment of likely German inefficiency concerns political committees imposing compromises; German naval architects could design an efficient ship if given that freedom.