Why San Carlos Bay narrowed the Argentine attack window

During Falklands War planning, Commodore Michael Clapp chose San Carlos Bay with aircraft attack profiles in mind. His experience as a Buccaneer observer and squadron commander helped him recognize that surrounding rock would keep low-level attackers from seeing the anchorage until they popped up. Aircraft then had only a short window over the ships and entered a concentrated defensive firebox. The outer approaches remained dangerous, while the anchorage became relatively safer once sufficient defensive fire was in place. This example explains why Norwegian fjords would also constrain a Fritz X controller, which had to maintain line of sight for much longer than a diving attacker.