Q&A · 41:15-42:47

Would Sakhalin oil have changed Japan's choice for war?

Large Sakhalin oil reserves might have removed the vulnerability that made sanctions so strategically explosive for Japan.

Question

If Japan had found large oil reserves in Sakhalin, might it have avoided war with the United States?

Short answer

Possibly. A self-sufficient oil supply could have removed the acute vulnerability that made U.S. sanctions such a dangerous trigger for war.

Notes

The counterfactual turns on fuel rather than on a different naval battle plan. Domestic oil might have made Japan self-sufficient in the resource it most feared losing and could therefore have reduced the pressure for war. U.S. control over oil access is described as a "golden bullet": once sanctions threatened that supply, American leaders had to anticipate a military response. Domestic reserves would not have solved every problem, but they would have changed the coercive leverage at the centre of the crisis.