Was the British 21-inch Mark IV torpedo retired when the Second World War began, and how useful was it?
Short answerIt was being retired but remained usable and probably saw more wartime combat than the formal designation suggests.
NotesSeveral navies used weapons called Mark IV, so nationality matters. For the British torpedo, retirement did not mean instant disappearance from stores or ships. Its design experience and similarities with later weapons allowed the Royal Navy to keep using available examples. The Mark IV probably entered combat more often than a simple retired-in-1939 label implies.