Room 40, Bletchley Park, and German cryptographic confidence

What parallels connect Room 40 in the First World War with Bletchley Park in the Second?

German overconfidence met British institutional commitment to codebreaking, reinforced by foreign and academic help in each war.

The comparison begins with a warning against treating mathematical security claims as proof that an enemy cannot solve a cipher. In the First World War, Swedish connections may have assisted British access, though the evidence remains uncertain. In the Second, Polish work and the intellectual resources of Oxford and Cambridge strengthened Bletchley Park. Across both conflicts, the Royal Navy's willingness to establish codebreaking organizations provided institutional continuity.