Admiral Reginald Henderson had written the First World War paper that helped Jellicoe force through convoy adoption and later served as First Sea Lord from 1933 to 1939. Commercial owners resisted because waiting for scheduled sailings disrupted trade flows and required firms to hold more stock. Accounts blaming Admiralty hostility alone miss the persistent pressure from shipping companies and their customers. Convoy policy was also a struggle over inventory, sailing schedules, and who absorbed the economic cost of protection.
Chapter · 15:49-20:15
Convoy opposition also came from commercial logistics
Reginald Henderson's convoy advocacy shows how shipping schedules, inventory costs, and business resistance shaped the struggle to organize trade protection.