Q&A ยท 3:53:29-3:53:40

Readiness reduces surprise without eliminating it

Even full preparation reduces the likelihood of surprise without making surprise impossible.

Question

Does preparing fully for war eliminate the possibility of surprise?

Short answer

No. It reduces the likelihood of surprise, but surprise remains possible.

Notes

Preparing fully for war reduces the likelihood of surprise. It does not remove the possibility. Readiness therefore leaves room for an opponent to do something unexpected.