What major doctrinal or institutional reforms followed Tsushima?
Short answerRussia created a Ministry of Marine and a new naval staff, but retained much of the same officer system and achieved uneven results.
NotesNicholas II created a Ministry of Marine and a new naval staff after Tsushima. Those organizations drew on many of the same people already embedded in the system. Orders to improve professional standards could not create consistent selection, education, and accountability by themselves. Russia combined real structural reform with continuing extremes of very good and very poor officers.