How did navies borrow institutions and practice?

Did the Royal Navy incorporate practices from the Spanish Armada or other navies?

Yes; navies continually learned from one another, while England adapted borrowed practice to maximize a smaller pool of trained personnel.

Asked whether the Royal Navy absorbed lessons from the Spanish Armada, the answer broadens to constant exchange among maritime powers. French military hospitals provide one example of an institution Britain later copied and spread. England had a smaller population than France or Spain, encouraging infrastructure and training that extracted more firepower from fewer skilled people. Navies adapted borrowed institutions to their own constraints.