Could earthquake bombs have replaced the raid?

Would earthquake bombs have made the Normandie Dock harder to repair?

Somewhat, but they were unavailable at the time and damaging the dock floor was less decisive than destroying the entrance gate.

The alternative is constrained by what technology was available when the raid was planned, because earthquake bombs did not yet exist. Even after their introduction, repeated heavy-bomb hits would be needed to give confidence that the reinforced dock floor had been disabled. Cracking the base might leave repair options that the destruction of the entrance gate did not. Campbeltown's charge attacked the feature that physically controlled access, making the denial more direct and certain.