Q&A · 2:33:52-2:36:01

What if Britain had supported Mexico against the United States?

British support for Mexico could have created a two-front war and exposed the enormous naval imbalance between Britain and the United States in the 1840s.

Question

What would have happened if Britain had intervened on Mexico's side in the Mexican-American War?

Short answer

The United States would have faced a dangerous two-front war, with the Royal Navy overwhelmingly stronger at sea, but Britain had too little interest in Mexico to intervene.

Notes

British intervention on Mexico's side could have supplied Mexico with substantial weapons and material. The Royal Navy would also have posed a severe threat to the much smaller United States Navy. The resulting counterfactual includes a two-front war for the United States. The explanation for British restraint rests on Britain's limited national interests in Mexico, with a later distinction between private interests and government policy.