When did armed merchant frigates, galleons, brigantines, and old frigates become obsolete?
Short answerThere is no single date because older vessels continued fighting into the steam era while their roles gradually became more secondary and less worth further investment.
NotesTechnological change did not remove every sailing type from service at once. Older ships continued to appear in Baltic and other operations even after steam warships existed. Their military value narrowed as newer vessels took the principal roles, but that transition could last for decades or even centuries across different regions. The decisive point was often when further investment no longer justified the remaining role, not a universal year of extinction.