Did Phoenician sailors circumnavigate Africa, and how early was its shape known?
Short answerThey could navigate around Africa earlier than they could know or represent its complete shape.
NotesPractical navigation and geographic knowledge are separate achievements. Ancient sailors could follow coasts, winds, and currents without knowing Africa's overall shape in the modern cartographic sense. A successful circumnavigation would demonstrate seafaring capacity rather than complete continental geography. This distinction helps evaluate ancient voyage claims without importing later map knowledge into them.