SMS Panther's clash with Fort San Carlos tests the idea that German heavy-handedness automatically made a wider war likely. The bombardment lacked British command approval, and Britain responded by sharply curbing its partner. The senior naval power could police coalition behavior as well as deter the United States. This response also qualifies Roosevelt's later claim that American readiness forced Germany to retreat, since British discipline was already operating inside the blockade coalition.
Notable Point · 37:29-38:13
Panther, Fort San Carlos, and coalition discipline
Germany's bombardment of Fort San Carlos shows the Royal Navy restraining an ally whose local action threatened the wider diplomatic strategy.