Could Russia design one standard cruiser despite the geographical differences among its four fleets?
Short answerOnly with difficult compromises; the Atlantic, Baltic, Black Sea, and Pacific requirements are different enough to justify multiple classes.
NotesThe four Russian fleet areas impose sharply different conditions. The high north and northern Pacific share some severe-weather demands, but the Baltic and Black Sea create different range, threat, and manoeuvre problems. A common design would either carry costly features that some fleets do not need or accept weaknesses where another fleet cannot tolerate them. Different classes for different theatres therefore have a strategic logic.