What would happen if navies became more involved in First World War land battles?
Short answerTheir manpower would be drawn away from ships and escorts, while naval units ashore would face the same artillery-heavy conditions as other ground forces.
NotesNaval participation ashore tended to attract heavy artillery and consume trained personnel. The Royal Naval Division illustrates the hidden fleet cost of using sailors as infantry. Its thousands of personnel represented crews for roughly twenty-five escorts. That was a meaningful loss when early convoy protection was thin and every additional escort could cover another merchant formation.