Shells can be cheaper than missiles when a target requires sustained high-volume fire, while missiles usually offer longer reach. A hypothetical extended-range 16-inch battery illustrates the value of repeatedly delivering heavy salvos against a target needing many hits. Shore batteries have always posed a threat and can gain range from greater gun elevation, while ships can manoeuvre and operate with other forces. Armour, defensive weapons and escorts belong in any assessment of the bombardment ship's vulnerability. Large visible guns can also influence visiting politicians differently from missiles hidden in launch tubes. A larger projectile could accommodate more protection for its guidance electronics while retaining a substantial explosive charge.
Notable Point · 3:02:03-3:07:20
Why guns and missiles solve different naval fire-support problems
Shell volume, missile range, shore-battery elevation, visible deterrence, and task-group protection give guns and missiles different roles.