Why naval fighters break off after turning an attack away

Compared with Battle of Britain pilots, naval fighter pilots in the Mediterranean faced stronger limits on pursuit even when their engagement totals were similar. Land-based fighters could pursue a damaged or retreating aircraft while other units continued to provide cover. A carrier with only twelve or eighteen fighters had fewer replacements available and needed its aircraft back for the next strike. Naval pilots therefore had a reason to break off once they were reasonably sure the enemy had turned away. This helps explain their lower kill ratios while preserving the force's ability to stop further attacks, including torpedo bombers capable of sinking ships of every size.