Could modern armour resist battleship fire?

How effective would modern armour be against threats ranging from rifle bullets to battleship armour-piercing shells?

Modern armour would improve protection against small arms, but its performance against heavy battleship shells depends on whether its materials and design address that very different threat.

Modern armour is designed around threats such as small-arms fire, kinetic penetrators and missiles rather than large naval shells. Present-day materials could improve crew protection in some areas, but their suitability against the heaviest gunfire is uncertain. The comparison depends on threat type, since newer steel is not automatically better for resisting a battleship round.