Military budgets depend on national capacity

Saionji's attempt to restrain military spending was meant to reduce debt and strengthen Japan's tax base. The army's refusal to provide a new minister set a precedent that governments had to prioritize military spending over other needs. The argument then widens beyond Japan: national defense depends on an economy, health system, and education base capable of sustaining the armed forces. Technically demanding navies need engineers and literate personnel. Modern operations also depend on junior leaders who can exercise judgment without constant direction. Geography, history, and technical education are therefore part of maritime power.