Why the Kriegsmarine could sortie raiders but not sustain an Atlantic task force

Why did Germany operate individual major ships rather than true naval task forces?

It lacked the carrier, capital ships, escorts, and depth needed to break into the Atlantic and sustain a balanced force there.

Pairs such as Bismarck and Prinz Eugen or Scharnhorst and Gneisenau could attempt raids, but a sortie was not the same as sustained task-force operations. A balanced formation would have to break into the North Atlantic under observation, fight through opposition, and retain enough strength to remain at sea. A minimum sketch adds a carrier and at least three capital ships merely to give the force a chance of breaking out. Germany also lacked the escort, logistical, and reserve depth needed to keep such a formation operational. The distinction exposes the gap between possessing individual raiders and maintaining a fleet able to campaign as a task force.