What a joint European carrier project would require

What might a joint European aircraft-carrier project look like?

France and Italy would probably lead, with Spain involved and Germany helping finance the project. British participation is excluded in this scenario.

The proposed European project assumes that Britain would stay outside it, so neither a Queen Elizabeth derivative nor a Rolls-Royce reactor is taken as the starting point. France's PANG project could provide a basis, but Italy would need a substantial role because it also builds aircraft carriers. Spain would have an interest through its amphibious aviation ships. Germany is assigned a likely financial role, while its retreat from nuclear energy complicates the suggestion of a nuclear contribution. Agreement over national participation and industrial work would therefore shape the project before a common design could emerge.