Both navies fit within a broad Jeune École and flotilla-defence tradition, where torpedo craft, cruisers, and defensive waters matter heavily. Sweden's Oden class belongs naturally in that system because it was designed for nearby waters and national defence. France, however, still built Charlemagne as a full battleship with 18 knots of speed and about 4,200 nautical miles of range at 10 knots. That endurance made the ship more than a harbour guard or coast-defence craft. Keeping battleships in the programme despite official enthusiasm for small-craft doctrine suggests caution about the theory's limits.
Notable Point · 7:14-8:20
Jeune École ideas with battleship hedging
France and Sweden both use flotilla-defence logic, but France keeps building ocean-going battleships as insurance against the limits of that theory.