Had industrial warfare disappeared before its supposed return?
Short answerThe argument is that industrial warfare never disappeared, and that cyber and information operations do not replace conflict between industrialized states.
NotesIndustrial warfare is treated as a continuing feature of conflict between industrialized states. One argument is that the end of the Cold War brought a major setback and a realignment rather than ending the underlying rivalry. Britain's losses in France and Norway in 1940 illustrate the distinction between a severe reverse and the end of a war. The expectation that cyber warfare would replace industrial warfare is challenged by the possibility of disconnecting systems. Information warfare also meets practical limits when states control much of their public's internet access, even imperfectly.