Halland gun defence in contested skies

Halland's 120 mm guns could fire 42 rounds per minute per barrel, giving a twin mount a combined rate of 84 rounds per minute. The class received no surface-to-air missile system. Its 120 mm, 57 mm, and 40 mm guns could all engage aircraft, providing several gun-based air-defence options. The expected operating environment was contested airspace, where Sweden would resist enemy control without assuming that its own forces controlled the sky. This fits the wider defensive argument that Sweden could deny an opponent victory even when it lacked the strength to win through an offensive campaign.