Testing Gorshkov's merchant-loss arithmetic

Dividing Gorshkov's quoted ship and tonnage losses produces different average vessel sizes. One set comes to roughly 3,600 gross tons per ship, while the other is close to 5,000, even though the argument treats them as directly comparable evidence. The mismatch complicates any simple claim that one period's submarine campaign was categorically more effective. It does not settle the wider strategic question by itself, but it shows how selective totals can conceal important differences in the underlying data.