Chapter · 0:00-3:18

George of Antioch: admiral, administrator, and royal partner

Meet the little-known commander who became Roger II's admiral of admirals and one of the principal builders of Norman Sicily.

Notes

George of Antioch combined fleet command with work as a historian, civil engineer, and senior minister. He became the second most powerful figure beside Roger II. His title of admiral of admirals joined naval authority to the administration and logistics that made royal campaigns possible. Because the titles of twelfth-century Mediterranean rulers were dense and changeable, the video simplifies some of them to keep George's career readable.