French standard battleships versus shipyard capacity

How would French adoption of US-style standard battleships affect German naval buildup before World War I?

Very little, because French construction capacity rather than the quality of the design was the binding constraint.

French adoption of an American standard design is expected to make little difference because France's problem was its ability to build the ships. Germany was outbuilding France. Copying the design would leave that production constraint in place. The comparison therefore turns on how many ships the industry could complete.