Why did France persist with ships such as the Dantons when other navies were already building dreadnoughts?
Short answerJeune École priorities and weak maritime infrastructure disrupted French heavy-ship development, even though the doctrine itself pointed toward a battlecruiser-like commerce raider.
NotesFrench doctrine proposed that torpedo boats and submarines weaken an enemy fleet before a powerful long-range ship attacked global trade. That sequence closely resembles the strategic role later associated with battlecruisers. France's failure to deliver such ships shows how weak maritime infrastructure and slow procurement can frustrate strategy.