First Svensksund wins ground but not fleet destruction

At the first battle of Svensksund, Russian mass pushed through more narrow passages than Sweden could block. Swedish training and artillery imposed costs, but indecisive command let Russian numbers build before the defensive system was complete. The archipelago fleet then conducted a difficult withdrawal under fire, losing combat vessels, auxiliaries, and about 1,500 personnel. Much of the force nevertheless reached fortress cover and regrouped. Russia won the battle without delivering the decisive destruction needed to remove the Swedish coastal fleet from later operations.