What was the dumbest naval battle, in the sense that the fleets should not have fought?
Short answerThe Japanese attack on the Chinese fleet at the Yellow Sea is the leading example because Japan accepted a severe armor disadvantage and was fortunate that Chinese execution failed.
NotesThe force mismatch should have favored the Chinese armored ships and made a Japanese attack unattractive. Even partial Chinese competence could have reversed the result. Japanese victory therefore does not make the initial decision prudent; it demonstrates how execution can overturn an unfavorable material comparison. Separating the command decision from its fortunate outcome explains why the battle qualifies as reckless despite ending in victory.