Would battleships operated by Australia or other Dominions have made a meaningful difference in the Second World War?
Short answerThey could protect convoys, restrict cruiser raiders, and strengthen regional forces by making an enemy commit more powerful ships.
NotesA modernized Dominion battleship with improved heavy guns could force a cruiser raider to avoid an engagement or seek much stronger support. Convoys with such an escort would be harder targets, and extra battleships could change the force available to ABDA. Graf Spee might be able to outrun an older battleship, but would still face danger if an encounter began at short range. Reducing the set of safe targets could also make a raider's movements more predictable. The hypothetical value comes from denying opportunities and increasing the force an enemy must commit.