If the Dutch had invested more in Ceylon, could events realistically have changed?
Short answerMore local forces could have created a different outcome and perhaps even a temporary independent Ceylon, though it remains a counterfactual.
NotesStronger local forces would have given van Angelbeek more options amid the upheaval of the French Revolutionary period. Better garrisons and a credible regional force could have made a British seizure slower, costlier, or politically uncertain. Investment would not have guaranteed a Dutch victory against British sea power. A locally supported administration might instead have exploited divided loyalties to declare Ceylon independent for a time. The counterfactual rests on a specific missing capability rather than an assumption that different intentions alone would change the result.