The challenge of missile-delivered heavy torpedoes

Why have navies not widely adopted missile-delivered heavy torpedoes for long-range anti-ship attack?

The concept has been explored, but safely slowing and placing a heavy torpedo into the water is a difficult part of the weapon system.

Russian, Indian, and other programmes had explored missile delivery of heavy torpedoes, although wide adoption remained uncertain. The missile can provide range, yet the torpedo must enter the sea at a survivable speed and attitude before beginning its underwater attack. The air-to-water transition is the immediate engineering obstacle in this account.